مهددات البنية الاجتماعية والاقتصادية في دارفور (القرن العشرين - الواحد والعشرين)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the Darfur region in eastern Sudan, which is now part of Sudan. Its significance lies in its attempt to uncover the causes of the conflict that has plagued Darfur society and to shed light on some of its historical and cultural aspects, through an examination of its social, economic, cultural, and spatial life. To achieve this, the research adopts a descriptive historical narrative approach based on original sources and references. The study is divided into three sections: the first section addresses the causes of conflict in Darfur; the second section discusses the historical background of these causes; and the third section examines the justifications for conflict in Darfur. The study encompassed both temporal and spatial dimensions, focusing on the Darfur region during the 20th and 21st centuries.  The study concludes with several conclusions, including that the conflicts and disputes in Darfur have deep historical roots. The solutions implemented were largely temporary and ineffective, leading to frequent flare-ups for the same underlying causes. These conflicts have become self-perpetuating armed conflicts, exacerbated by a lack of awareness among the warring communities, perhaps due to resource scarcity during periods of drought that led to displacement. This resulted in competition for scarce water sources and clashes over agricultural land and grazing routes. Finally, the study concludes that the conflict in Darfur is long-standing and has not been addressed through fundamental or sustainable solutions, as its underlying causes remain deeply rooted.